Tag: Passive Strategies

TAG Videos | Vernacular to Contemporary | PDEC | An ‘Adaptation’ – Part I

Video Source | The ꓥrchitecture Gazette 

Music Source | “Virtutes Instrumenti” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

References | Video and Article

1) A&D, ADEME, INDé (Mohan S.), Palacios D. archidev.org | Case Study II: The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, by Abhikram. Architecture & Developpement. https://bit.ly/2CD1YzD.

2) Zaveri P, Patel N. Abhikram | Projects | Torrent Research Centre, Ahmedabad. https://bit.ly/2CHrlQL.

Vernacular to Contemporary | PDEC | An ‘Adaptation’ – Part II

Last week in Part I, we introduced a Vernacular to Contemporary Adaptation – PDEC – Passive Downdraft Evaporative Cooling. A Vernacular ventilation strategy – Wind Catchers, which is being adapted to Contemporary buildings. We also looked at diagrams explaining the 3 main principles in this Adaptation.

 

This week we look at Pros and Cons of this technology for Contemporary use.

Pros –

1) Energy Saving

a) Decrease cooling demand

Temperature Drops of upto 13oC can be achieved1. When the outdoors sizzle at close to 44oC, the indoors are at around 30oC.

Night Ventilation using PDEC towers decreases cooling demand and operating time of the primary cooling system the following day3.

b) Less Fluctuations

Indoor Temperature fluctuations of around 3-4oC can be seen over 24 hours, when the outside Temperature fluctuations are between 14-17oC1.

 

2) Cost/ Applicability

a) Short Payback Period

Electrical Consumption savings helped achieve payback of additional capital cost in less than 1 year for the Torrent Research Centre, Ahmedabad.1

b) Can be used in new / existing buildings with simple construction elements at relatively low cost.

 

3) Location

a) Applicable in areas without wind

As Air movement is created by momentum transfer from water to air and density difference; the technology can be applicable in areas without wind 4, 5.

 

4) Cleaner Air

a) Evaporative Cooling

The air is cleaned during the evaporative cooling process 6.

 

Cons –

1) Capacity

The cooling capacity maybe insufficient in certain cases, and could need conventional cooling as well 4.

 

2) Cost/ Applicability

a) High Water Consumption 6.

b) Short life of Water Pads

 

3) Climate Dependency

a) Works best in Hot & Dry Conditions

The technology maybe most effective in hot and dry conditions. However, buildings can be designed to adapt to other conditions and seasons. For example, in the Torrent Research Centre, the system operates normally in the dry season. In the monsoons, the water spray is not used, whereas in Winters, the openings to the rooms and shafts can be controlled (opened or closed) by the occupants 1, 4, 6.

 

sum up

 

How do You feel about this Vernacular ‘Adaptation’ for Contemporary Buildings?

Have you come across other such Adaptations?

What are your thoughts on the Practicality of this Technology? Let us know!

 

Video Source: 

The ꓥrchitecture Gazette

Music Source:

“Virtutes Instrumenti” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

References:

  1. A&D, ADEME, INDé (Mohan S.), Palacios D. archidev.org | Case Study II: The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, by Abhikram. Architecture & Developpement. https://bit.ly/2CD1YzD.
  2. Zaveri P, Patel N. Abhikram | Projects | Torrent Research Centre, Ahmedabad. https://bit.ly/2CHrlQL.
  3. Paanchal JB, Mehta N. “A Review on Design of Passive Down Draft Evaporative Cooling in Commercial building.” 2017;3(2). https://bit.ly/2B33ZoS.
  4. Bowman, N. T., Eppel, H., Lomas, K. J., Robinson, D., and Cook, M. J. “Passive Downdraught Evaporative Cooling I. Concept and Precedents.” Indoor + built environment 9.5 (2000):284-290.
  5. Etzion, Y., Pearlmutter, D., Erell, E., and Meir, I. A. “Adaptive architecture: Integrating low-energy technologies for climate control in the desert.” Automation in construction 6.5 (1997):417-425.Ford, B. “Passive downdraught evaporative cooling: principles and practice.” Environmental Design. Architectural Research Quarterly 5, Cambridge University Press (2001) : 271-280.
  6. Givoni, B. “Performance of the Shower Cooling Tower in Different Climates.” Renewable Energy, 10, 2/3 (1997):173-178.

Vernacular to Contemporary | PDEC | An ‘Adaptation’ – Part I

Wind Catchers, traditionally known as Badgirs or Malqafs are Natural Ventilation devices. They have successfully been used in countries like Iran, Egypt, Pakistan, Afghanistan for many years.

This Vernacular Method is being ‘Adapted’ and utilized in various Contemporary Buildings. One such adaptation is the Strategy known as PDEC or ‘Passive Downdraft Evaporative Cooling’.

We use diagrams of the Torrent Research Centre, Ahmedabad; to discuss this technique.

3 main Principles are at play-

  1. Evaporative Cooling – Water Sprays Cool the Warm Air Entering the tower
  2. Cool Air Sinks – This Moisture Induced Air is Heavier and thus Sinks
  3. Warm Air Rises – Warm Air in the rooms is Lighter and Rises

This sets up a Loop of Air.

The Project achieves a temperature drop of upto 13oC. When the outdoors sizzle at close to 44oC, the indoors are at around 30oC1. The Building incurred Additional Civil Costs of 13% for its Strategies. However, Energy savings helped payback the investment in less than 1 year2!

 

How do You feel about this Vernacular ‘Adaptation’ for Contemporary Buildings? Have you come across other such Projects?

What are your thoughts on the Practicality of this Technology? Let us know!

Look out next week, for the Pros | Cons of this Strategy in – Vernacular to Contemporary | PDEC | An ‘Adaptation’ – Part II

 

Video Source: 

The ꓥrchitecture Gazette

Music Source:

“Virtutes Instrumenti” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

References:

  1. A&D, ADEME, INDé (Mohan S.), Palacios D. archidev.org | Case Study II: The Torrent Research Centre in Ahmedabad, by Abhikram. Architecture & Developpement. https://bit.ly/2CD1YzD.
  2. Zaveri P, Patel N. Abhikram | Projects | Torrent Research Centre, Ahmedabad. https://bit.ly/2CHrlQL.

TAG Videos | Scoop-Channel-Reduce

 

Video Source | The Architecture Gazette | Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

Music Source | “My Best Melody” catatau5 | Link

Data Sources |

  1. CTBUH. CapitaGreen – The Skyscraper Center. https://bit.ly/2G1NuOL. Accessed July 8, 2018.
  2. GreenA Consultants. Capitagreen:: GreenA Consultants. https://bit.ly/2SsiHvT. Accessed July 8, 2018.
  3. CapitaLand Commercial Trust. CapitaGreen | CapitaLand Commercial Trust. https://bit.ly/2AOGPBJ. Accessed July 8, 2018.

 

Scoop-Channel-Reduce

CapitaGreen is a 82,000 sq.m., 43-floor skyscraper in the Central Business District of Singapore1. The Video looks at its design for Sustainable Ventilation.

45 m1 tall Wind-Catchers atop the skyscraper are oriented towards the prevailing wind direction2. Designed to scoop winds at this elevation, they channel air down a core known as the ‘Cool Void’3. Air from the cool void spreads horizontally through the levels, reducing Air-Conditioning loads.

Read the whole article here–

Video Source:

The Architecture Gazette | Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

Music Source:

“My Best Melody” catatau5 | Link

Data Sources:

  1. CTBUH. CapitaGreen – The Skyscraper Center. http://www.skyscrapercenter.com/building/capitagreen/13978. Accessed July 8, 2018.
  2. GreenA Consultants. Capitagreen:: GreenA Consultants. http://www.greenaconsultants.com/our-work/capitagreen/. Accessed July 8, 2018.
  3. CapitaLand Commercial Trust. CapitaGreen | CapitaLand Commercial Trust. http://www.cct.com.sg/our-properties/singapore/capitagreen/. Accessed July 8, 2018.

TAG Videos | Building with Nature

Video Source: 

The Architecture Gazette | Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

Music Source:

“Almost New” Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com)
Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

Data Sources:

 

What’s the ‘Zone’ Plan?

Akshay Urja

Building functions can be zoned according to ventilation strategy for effective management and energy conservation. This is seen in Akshay Urja Bhavan, New Delhi where spaces are divided into zones according to setpoints– Apex, Controlled and Passive. Only around 12% of the area is air-conditioned. Mist cooling systems are used for the Controlled and Passive zones1.

Read the whole article here –

Graphic Source:

The Architecture Gazette | Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

Data Source:

  1. BEE, USAID, PACE-D. Case Studies – Akshay Urja Bhawan. NZEB. http://www.nzeb.in/case-studies/detailed-case-studies-2/akshay-urja-bhawan-case-study/.

Passively Battling 50oC!

Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

NEEMrana

A 16 km (once the campus is completed) tunnel network of Air Earth tunnels, will be running 4 m below the ground in NIIT University, Neemrana Campus. Surface temperature and seasonal variations do not penetrate below this depth, keeping air temperature constant throughout the year. Fans will pull cool air through these tunnels. This would then be taken through precipitators to eliminate dust and would be supplied to the building through ducts. The result! – Pleasant 25oC temperatures indoors, without the use of air-conditioning, when temperatures outside are nearing 50oC1.

Read the whole article here –

Graphic Source:

The Architecture Gazette | Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets

Data Source:

  1. Bhandari P. Let buildings breathe. Times of India Jaipur. https://bit.ly/2MH0kzV. Published 2009.

 

What are Sustꓥinꓥble Snippets?

Sustainable Snippets

Passive Strategies: Natural Ventilation (b)

Last week we started our series on Passive Strategies in Buildings. We kicked off with Natural Ventilation (a) – Why it’s needed, What needs to be done, How and Factors important for it.

This week we look at Strategies and related Issues for Natural Ventilation.

  1. Zoning
  2. Orientation and Form
  3. Building Depth
  4. Fenestration
  5. Advanced Strategies

(1) Zoning

Building functions can be zoned according to the ventilation strategy for effective management and energy conservation. This is seen in Akshay Urja Bhavan1 where spaces are divided into zones according to setpoints – Apex, Controlled and Passive. Only around 12% of the area is air-conditioned. Mist cooling systems are used for the Controlled and Passive zones.

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(2) Orientation and Form

Buildings should preferably be oriented between 0o and 30o with respect to the prevailing wind direction2. The building form can incorporate courtyards or verandahs (transitions zones between inside and outside) for increased ventilation and thermal comfort. These features temper down the harshness of the exterior environment, providing shade and cool breezes in summer.

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(3) Building Depth

unit thick principle
Unit Thick Principle in 2 projects by WOHA

A building depth of around 15 meters or less would enable Natural Ventilation and Daylighting. This is an assumption based on our research of many buildings by WOHA applying their Unit thick Principle. Some buildings may not be able to achieve less depth due to larger functions such as Industrial labs.

Solution | Fragmentation of Form – Such buildings could employ courtyards or atriums to break the overall form, thus enabling light to penetrate or air to flow better. (eg. Cleantech One) Fragmentation of form is also seen in Indira Paryavaran Bhavan3, where two North-South oriented blocks are separated by a centrally running  public spine.

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(4) Fenestration

  • Location, Sizing, Area – The location and size of windows, should take into account the wind direction and the ‘Living Zone’. The total area of openings should be a minimum of 30% of floor area2.
  • Window to Wall Ratio – The Window to wall ratio (WWR) should fall between 20-40% for Commercial buildings. In any case, it should not exceed 60%4.
  • Operable windows – The windows should preferably be operable with a staggered alignment. Operable windows may present certain issues. In the case of hotels for example, people might leave windows open when the air-conditioning is on, which would affect energy costs. Operable windows could also have safety implications.

Solution 1 | Sensors – Some hotels install sensors that automatically shut off air-conditioning when windows are opened.

Solution 2 | Individual Project Detailing – Safety concerns would need to be addressed in projects individually, through railing design details, selective openings or special locking mechanisms.

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(5) Advanced Strategies

(i) Air Earth tunnels

neemrana

A 16 km (once campus completed) tunnel network of Air Earth tunnels, will be running 4 m below the ground in NIIT University, Neemrana Campus. Surface temperature and seasonal variations do not penetrate below this depth, keeping air temperature constant throughout the year. Fans will pull cool air through these tunnels. This would then be taken through precipitators to eliminate dust and would be supplied to the building through ducts. The result! – Pleasant 25oC temperatures indoors, without the use of air-conditioning, when temperatures outside are nearing 50oC5.

(ii) Wind Tower

These are utilized widely in desert climates (eg. Iran, Saudi Arabia). Tall towers are built with openings facing the prevailing wind direction. The openings are narrow and the towers may contain misters or other moisture creating devices. As the tall tower catches winds, air moves down the tower, cooling on the way and is used in the building. A similar system using Shower Towers is used at DPR Office, Phoenix.

(iii) Stack effect

According to the principle, warm air from an area would rise, making space for cooler air. This would generate a loop of air circulation. This effect can be seen at building scale or even at room level. In Indira Paryavaran Bhavan, the central courtyard spine coupled with well placed building punctures, generates the ‘Stack Effect’ at the building scale. The IRRAD Building, although using air-conditioning, is utilizing a similar principle. The vents are placed near the floor, instead of the ceiling. Cool air enters the room at a lower level and it rises as it become warm6.

(iv) Displacement Ventilation

In Neemrana University, the cool air from ducts is introduced at lower levels in rooms. This pushes warm air in the room upwards, which is then exhausted through openings in higher parts of the spaces. It is similar to the stack effect, but here an additional push is being provided by the introduced cool air, to get the circulation loop going.

(v) Wind Scoops

Wind Scoops like the one used in CapitaGreen can channel air into a ‘Cool Void’. This brings cool air from a higher altitude, deeper into a high-rise building. Air flow, such as that channeled by CapitaGreen maybe blocked by surrounding buildings in a different scenario.

Solution | City Planning and Studies – This leads to the need for city planning and studies like Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to ensure these strategies are workable at a city level. This would help avoid “dead air zones”, wind canyons and other undesirable wind related events. This becomes especially important in city centers with greater density and multiple high-rise structures.

(vi) Solar Chimney

The DPR Phoenix Regional Headquarters in Pheonix, Arizona use solar chimneys to exhaust warm air from the building.

(vii) Evaporative cooling

This technique utilizes the latent energy used to convert liquid to gas. As water evaporates, its phase changes, which results in a cooling effect. This technique has been used widely in desert coolers.

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That’s all for this week. Hope this was useful! As always, please let us know your thoughts, suggestions, queries, opinions. Your views will make this exploration richer!

Thank you!

 

References

  1. BEE, USAID, PACE-D. Case Studies – Akshay Urja Bhawan. NZEB. http://www.nzeb.in/case-studies/detailed-case-studies-2/akshay-urja-bhawan-case-study/.
  2. BEE, USAID, PACE-D. Knowledge Centre – Natural Ventilation. NZEB. https://bit.ly/2QhxxoD. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  3. CA(NDR), CPWD. Sustainable Architectural Built Environment.
  4. GRIHA, TERI. GRIHA V-2015.; 2015. http://www.grihaindia.org/files/GRIHA_V2015_May2016.pdf. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  5. Bhandari P. Let buildings breathe. Times of India Jaipur. https://bit.ly/2MH0kzV. Published 2009.
  6. Somvanshi A. Simply creative. DownToEarth. https://www.downtoearth.org.in/coverage/simply-creative-39818. Published 2015.

Passive Strategies: Natural Ventilation (a)

Last week we were in conversation with Sustainability Professional Steven Lee from Malaysia. He is currently Principal at Edisi Hijau Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh. Steven has been working with the IT industry for over 20 years, before making the move to Green Technology in 2007. (You could connect with him here – LinkedIn, Twitter)

Our discussion started with the post on Passive Strategies used in CapitaGreen, Singapore and the viability of such strategies in other projects and countries.

Today, we sum up points from this discussion and others that we think could be useful to our readers. We will focus on 3 Essential Passive Strategies – Natural Ventilation, Integration with Greens & Water and Daylighting. This part starts with Natural Ventilation.

Natural Ventilation

 

Natural Ventilation

Why it is needed ?

Why

Buildings account for 33% of the total electricity consumption in India. (Domestic 24%, Commercial 9%)1. Of this,  HVAC is one of the highest loads accounting for almost 50-60%2.

What needs to be done and effects ?

reduce need

Our effort should be to reduce the need for Air-conditioning, to help reduce energy loads. Less AC use or using air-conditioning at higher setpoints, could result in saving energy. In Residential scenarios for example, after 22oC, every 1oC higher set point equals 3-5% less energy use3.

How ?

Through design, planning, passive strategies like Natural Ventilation, integration with greens and water, we can increase thermal comfort. Thus people will want to use less air-conditioning and this will result in energy use reduction.

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Factors important for Natural Ventilation

(i) Climate

Climate is one of the chief factors determining the feasibility of Natural Ventilation. For example, Natural Ventilation is quite effective in Moderate climates and it may provide considerable relief in Hot and Humid conditions4. However, it could bring discomfort and dust in Hot and Dry Climates. Cold Climates also need protection from chilling exterior winds and might need enclosed conditions.

(ii) Wind direction

The wind direction determines design and viability of Natural Ventilation. Wind rose diagrams are used to understand prevailing directions, frequency, speed and other factors related to wind conditions in any particular area.

(iii) Thermal Comfort and Perception

Thermal Comfort is a complex, often subjective issue determined by multiple factors. Before the advent of AC, buildings were designed according to climate and context. People enjoyed the benefits of fresh air. Now, many occupants prefer fully air conditioned spaces since they have become used to such an environment. There might be instances when the AC is too cold for comfort, but this has become the norm. Enclosed buildings behave like greenhouses2, which then need air-conditioning to cool them down. So, the need is not only to improve thermal comfort , but also address people’s perception related to it.  To address this complex issue, we could look at the following solutions.

Solution 1 | Custom Thermal Comfort Models – Countries could develop customized thermal comfort guidelines for Design. An example is the ‘Indian Adaptive Comfort Model’ developed by CEPT university. This is part of the GRIHA manual5 and is adapted to Indian local conditions. For example, it provides Indoor Operative temperature values for all cities in India. These are setpoints which are required as per standards to achieve thermal comfort. They are to be monitored during the operation of the building. These models could help optimize setpoints and engage in better AC design.

Solution 2 | Hybrid systems – DPR Office in Phoenix, Arizona uses a hybrid cooling system. They have special High Velocity Low Speed (HVLS) fans and operable windows. Cooling is provided by moist air through Shower Towers on the facade. There is also a Solar Chimney exhausting warm air. Only when the conditions are too extreme, they switch on the air-conditioning6. A hybrid cooling system is also being designed for the new School of Design and Environment building NZEB in the National University of Singapore7. The NZEB at CEPT University is planning to utilize optimized natural ventilation coupled with a radiant cooling system2.

Solution 3 | Common areas could be Naturally Ventilated, (fully or partially) for starters. Since occupants spend lesser time in spaces like corridors, washrooms, lobbies, parking – such efforts might help the acclimatization process. An example can be seen in ParkRoyal Hotel @ Pickering.

park royal

(iv) Pollution and Location 

Natural Ventilation may not be possible if the outside air is polluted. Pollution could be due to traffic, dust from a construction site or other harmful substances, such as emissions from a factory.

Solution 1 | Location – Sensitive functions like schools or hospitals would ideally be located away from such areas.

Solution 2 | Natural Filters/ Barriers – If this is not possible, window opening design could be clubbed with strategies like Vegetation or Earth mounds, to act as noise barriers or to filter pollution.

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That’s all for today. We hope you enjoyed reading the article!

Next week we look at Passive Strategies: Natural Ventilation (b) in which we cover Strategies and related Issues of Natural Ventilation.

For now we leave you with these questions.

Do you know of other Commercial or large projects that are using Passive Strategies?

What do you think of the Passive Strategies mentioned above? Can you spot further practical issues that might arise?

Please share your Sustainability knowledge and experience. Our search for answers continues…..

See you next week.

 

References

  1. Rakheja A. Case Study EcoCommercial Building, Noida, India – Adapting To Climate. High Perform Build. 2013:44-52. https://bit.ly/2O4lt8H.
  2. USAID India. Net Zero Energy Buildings Initiative.; 2011. https://bit.ly/2N2rQNy. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  3. Majumdar M. Sustainable Habitats: Cooling homes…heated pockets. The Economic Times Blogs. https://bit.ly/2wY4wGz. Published 2013.
  4. BEE, USAID, PACE-D. Knowledge Centre – Natural Ventilation. NZEB. https://bit.ly/2QhxxoD. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  5. GRIHA, TERI. GRIHA V-2015.; 2015. http://www.grihaindia.org/files/GRIHA_V2015_May2016.pdf. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  6. GreenCE. Aggressively Passive: Confronting the Comfort Status Quo. https://www.greence.com/Free_Courses/aggressively-passive. Accessed September 9, 2018.
  7. NUS S. NUS breaks ground on its first Net-Zero Energy Building today! https://bit.ly/2CBLknq. Published 2016. Accessed September 9, 2018.

LEED AP BD+C: Resources and Materials (Paid)-1

paid 1

This is part of a series of articles on the experience of giving the LEED AP BD+C examination. Our first article looked at why the LEED AP BD+C exam could prove difficult to crack. The following 2 weeks elaborated on 11 Essential ‘Need -to-Knows’ before LEED AP BD+C Prep (Part 1, Part 2). Last week we started with LEED AP BD+C: Resources and Materials (Free). This week we delve into a list of available online Paid Resources and Materials that you could refer to if needed.

Like we mentioned in earlier posts – If you have prior experience with LEED projects (or some sort of Sustainability background), then things become relatively easier. If not, then you might feel the need to use a guided study course. Today’s article addresses this scenario.

Note: We have tested and used some of following resources and can tell you what we found useful. There are others that we feel could be good based on the credibility of the source (these have not been tried by us, so the decision to use them would lie with you). Our aim is to create an exhaustive list of materials, so that the Menu is in front of you to make your decision (our articles are not endorsing any online courses/ question banks. However, we would like to give due credit to pages that our team found useful while attempting the exam. Ultimately, it is totally up to your choice and discretion whether to subscribe to them). We have mentioned Sources Reviews, Prices (any offers), Subscription time, Important Links and Material Inclusions. All prices are rounded off to the nearest 5 or 10.

Since this list is quite long, we are breaking it into 3 parts.

  1. Study Resources
  2. Practice Questions
    • GBES
    • GreenCE
    • Green Building Academy
    • GBRI
    • Everblue
    • Poplar and Green Step
  3. LEED Project Experience
    • GBES
    • GBRI
  4. Direct Classes/ In-Person Training
    • GBRI
    • Everblue

1) Study Resources

(a) Green Building Academy

Source Review | Tested | Proved great for LEED Green Associate, Reasonable Price, Accessible and helpful staff

(i) $75 | LEED v4 AP BD+C Made Easy | 6 months subscription (3 months initial subscription, can be renewed for another 3 months at no cost)

Inclusions | Detailed videos chapter-wise (including explanations for calculations), downloadable PDFs, Questions, Forum

We bought and tested this online course for the LEED Green Associate exam. [At the time (in 2016), this was the cheapest complete course we found in the market at $55. The resource provided informative videos and downloadable PDFs along with  timed exams and explanations. Their forums were also very useful, where you could read questions and answers by other candidates or post your own doubts.]

Our experience led us to subscribe to it for the LEED AP BD+C stage. This version of the examination is more technical than LEED Green Associate since it involves calculations. For $75, Green Academy provides very detailed videos for each chapter which also explain how to solve problems.

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(b) GBES

Source Review | USGBC Education Partner, Tested their Question Bank – Good quality experience

(i) $35 | LEED AP BD+C Study Sheets

Inclusions | 12 Study Sheets (PDF format, can be printed)

(ii) $35 | LEED AP BD+C Flashcards | No Expiration Date

Inclusions | 200 flashcards (Can be printed 6 to a sheet or studied online)

(iii) $60 | LEED AP BD+C Study Guide

Inclusions | 200+ page Study Guide (including key terms, case studies, sample questions)

(iv) $100 | LEED AP BD+C Silver Pack | 120-day access

Inclusions | Exam Simulator with 500 practice questions, 200 flashcards

(v) $230 | LEED AP BD+C Platinum Pack | 120 day access

Inclusions | Exam Simulator with 500 practice questions, 200 flashcards, Study Guide, 11 On-Demand Webinars, 12 Study Sheets

Offers | 25% Off Everything for Labor Day Weekend, Student and Faculty Discounts

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(c) GreenCE

Source Review | Tested Continuing Education videos (good quality Content and Experience) , LEED Green Associate Course available for Free here (Chapter-wise videos and 3 practice exams could be viewed to gauge for quality)

(i) $230 | Green Building and the LEED AP BD+C Exam

Inclusions | Study Guide, 90+ LEED practice questions, Study Sheets, Certificate of Completion for 8 AIA HSW Hours, Tips,  Study Methods, Hands-on exercises, Slideshow format with Audio

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(d) USGBC

(i) $100 | Web-based Reference Guide (all rating systems) | 1-year Access

Inclusions | Fully interactive Web-based Reference Guide, 50 Multimedia Modules, Tutorials and Case Studies

(ii) $200 | Education@USGBC | 1-year Access

Inclusions | Access to all listed study materials and Continuing Education Resources (400+ courses including Web-based Reference Guide)

(iii) $220 (e-document PDF), $250 (Hard copy) | LEED Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction

Inclusions | 90-day Access to full suite of Web-based guide content (50 multimedia modules, interactive videos, tutorials, case studies, presentations and documents) with purchase of a hard copy or e-copy of the LEED v4 Reference Guide

Offers | Member Price for Hard copy of Reference Guide is $200

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(e) GBRI

Source Review | USGBC Education Partner  (List of other Education Partners)

(i) $250 | All-Inclusive LEED v4 BD+C Exam Preparation

Inclusions | 500+ Practice test questions, 2 simulated Mock exams, On-Demand classroom sessions, Study Guides, Flashcards, Memory Charts

Offers | Free LEED Green Associate Package, Money Back Guarantee with some conditions

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(f) Everblue

Source Review | USGBC Education Partner

(i) $200 | LEED AP BD+C v4 Exam Prep (On-demand)

Inclusions | 3 Study Sections and 2 Practice Exams (100 questions each), 8.5 AIA LU/HSWs

(ii) $500 | LEED Accredited Professional Building Design + Construction – Start NOW! Online | Access to course materials for 6 months

Inclusions | Self-guided content, on demand access to 8-hour course presentation, access to instructors for follow-up questions, 300+ practice questions,  LEED Credit Reference Sheets

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(g) American Technical Publishers

Source Review | USGBC Education Partner

(i) $105 | LEED AP® BD+C Exam Preparation Guide ATPWebBook™ | Access for 5 years (needs Internet, not downloadable)

Inclusions | 450-page Study Guide (concise text and detailed, full-color illustrations and photos), 170+ Checkpoint Questions for continual assessment, Knowledge Retention and Calculation exercises, 100-Question Practice Exam, Illustrated Glossary, Key Terms list, Factoids, Appendix

(ii) $320 | Study Bundle: LEED BD+C Study Guide and BD+C Reference Guide (V4)

Inclusions | Hard copy: LEED v4 Reference Guide for Building Design and Construction + 450-page Study Guide(concise text and detailed, full-color illustrations and photos), 170+ Checkpoint Questions for continual assessment, Knowledge Retention and Calculation exercises, 100-Question Practice Exam, Appendix | Online Learner Resources (ATPeResources.com): Quick Quizzes, Illustrated Glossary, Flashcards, Media library with 6 videos and animations

Offers | School Price for 5 or more ATPWebBooks, Member Price for Study Bundle $270

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That’s all for today! Since this list of Resources and Materials is quite long, we have broken it into 3 parts. The next part will cover sources for Practice Questions.

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